The code above might look ugly, but all you have to understand is that the FutureBuilder widget takes two arguments: future and builder, future is just the future you want to use, while builder is a function that takes two parameters and returns a widget. FutureBuilder will run this function before and after the future completes. Checks if the future refers to a shared state.

Understanding the Context

This is the case only for futures that were not default-constructed or moved from (i.e. returned by std::promise::get_future (), std::packaged_task::get_future () or std::async ()) until the first time get () or share () is called. The behavior is undefined if any member function other than the destructor, the move-assignment operator, or valid is ... Unlike std::future, which is only moveable (so only one instance can refer to any particular asynchronous result), std::shared_future is copyable and multiple shared future objects may refer to the same shared state.

Key Insights

Access to the same shared state from multiple threads is safe if each thread does it through its own copy of a shared_future object. In summary: std::future is an object used in multithreaded programming to receive data or an exception from a different thread; it is one end of a single-use, one-way communication channel between two threads, std::promise object being the other end. Now, this causes the following warning: FutureWarning: Downcasting object dtype arrays on .fillna, .ffill, .bfill is deprecated and will change in a future version. Call result.infer_objects (copy=False) instead. I don't know what I should do instead now.

Final Thoughts

I certainly don't see how infer_objects(copy=False) would help as the whole point here is indeed to force converting everything to a string ...